Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic condition that occurs when a type of white blood cell called the eosinophil abnormally accumulates in the tissue of the esophagus. Environmental allergies to substances such as dust mites, animals, pollen, and molds can play a role in EoE. For some patients, it may seem like their EoE is worse during pollen seasons.
Allergy testing for these common environmental allergies is often part of the EoE evaluation.
Similarly, foods can play a role in the inflammation seen in EoE. Our physicians will work closely with your gastroenterologist to help you identify concurrent food allergies and navigate various treatment options, including dietary therapies such as elimination diets.
What is Eosinophilic Esophagitis?
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune system disease in which a type of white blood cell, called eosinophils, builds up in the esophagus. This accumulation can lead to inflammation or injury of the esophageal tissue, making swallowing difficult and potentially causing food to become stuck.
What Causes Eosinophilic Esophagitis?
The exact cause of EoE isn’t entirely known, but it’s believed to be related to an allergic reaction. Environmental or food allergens might cause the body to produce excess eosinophils in the esophagus, leading to the symptoms of EoE. Individuals with a history of other allergic diseases, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, or eczema, might be at a higher risk.
What Are Symptoms of Eosinophilic Esophagitis?
Recognizing the symptoms of Eosinophilic Esophagitis is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. Some common symptoms experienced by individuals with EoE include:
- Difficulty swallowing.
- Food getting stuck in the esophagus after swallowing.
- Chest pain.
- Heartburn.
- Persistent cough.
- No response to GERD medication.
- Vomiting.
- Weight loss.
Understanding these signs can help individuals seek appropriate care from an allergist, potentially alleviating discomfort and preventing complications.
How is Eosinophilic Esophagitis Diagnosed?
Diagnosis of EoE usually involves an endoscopy, where a flexible tube with a camera is used to inspect the esophagus. During this procedure, small tissue samples (biopsies) might be taken to check for an elevated number of eosinophils. In some cases, allergy testing might also be recommended to identify potential triggers.
What Are the Treatment Options for Eosinophilic Esophagitis?
Several treatment options are available to manage and alleviate symptoms for those diagnosed with eosinophilic esophagitis. The right treatment can vary depending on the severity and specific triggers.
Common treatment options for Eosinophilic Esophagitis include:
- Dietary changes: Eliminating certain foods known to trigger symptoms.
- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): Medications that reduce stomach acid and can help reduce eosinophils in the esophagus.
- Steroids: Swallowed corticosteroids might help reduce inflammation and the number of eosinophils.
- Esophageal dilation: A procedure to widen the esophagus if narrowing has occurred.
- Avoidance of allergens: Identifying and avoiding substances that trigger symptoms.
By working closely with healthcare professionals, individuals can identify the most effective treatment strategy for their unique situation.
When Should I Call A Doctor?
If you suspect you have Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) or if you experience symptoms associated with EoE, it’s essential to contact a doctor. Specifically, if you have difficulty swallowing, recurrent chest pain not related to the heart, persistent heartburn, food getting stuck in the esophagus after swallowing, or if you’ve been treated for GERD and the treatment hasn’t helped, it’s time to seek medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage symptoms, prevent potential complications like esophageal scarring or narrowing, and improve your overall quality of life.
Professional NJ Allergist Serving Adults and Children
If you are suffering from eosinophilic esophagitis, our skilled allergists can help. We provide professional allergy treatment services for patients of all ages.
From our conveniently located offices in Cresskill and North Bergen, we provide care for both adult and pediatric patients. Contact Northern Valley Allergy Asthma and Sinus Center today to schedule an appointment, book your allergy injection, or learn more about our allergy treatment services!
